As retirement approaches, do you find yourself reflecting on potential lifestyle changes that align more comfortably with your financial goals and environmental values? Perhaps you’ve thought about the potential economics of electric vehicles, for example. Could it be a golden opportunity to not only embrace innovative technology but also navigate your golden years in economic and environmental style! Is transitioning to an EV a wise choice? Why…or why not?
Cost Savings: A Long-Term Perspective?
Whilst EVs currently come with a higher initial price tag than their internal combustion engine (ICE) counterparts, the operating and maintenance costs of EVs tend to be lower. If you can look past that initial upfront cost, there are some savvy long-term financial advantages in owning one.
Incidentally, a large chunk of the costs (and weight) of an EV are tied up in the battery, which typically has around a 10-year life span. EV manufacturers are looking at ways to reduce the cost of them, which should also bring vehicle prices down.
Further to this:
- EVs have lower operating costs overall because their motors are more efficient at converting energy into power than ICEVs. They therefore don’t require as much energy to cover the same distances, which converts into cost savings for owners.
- They have fewer moving parts, which means less maintenance and repairs. They don’t use engine oil, spark plugs, or traditional transmission mechanisms.
- The cost of electricity to power an EV using renewable power sources is lower than the cost of petrol or diesel. It’s even cheaper if you can do it at home using your own solar power.
- There will (hopefully) be increasing rebates available. Some overseas electricity utilities for example offer rebates for customers who have home charging stations installed.
- State governments and/or the federal government may introduce attractive tax incentives for EV owners, and/or eventually introduce (more) levies and taxes on the use of ICEVs, especially as EVs become more common.
- There is currently a more generous luxury car tax (LCT) threshold for energy efficient vehicles like EVs. The current LCT for ICEVs kicks in at $76,950 (2023) whilst that for fuel-efficient vehicles is $89,332.
Are Electric Vehicles For Everyone?
Even with their cost-saving and environmental benefits, it has to be said that currently, in Australia at least, EVs are not yet for everyone. There are various reasons for this, and most of them centre on current EV technology vs. our infrastructure.
Range Anxiety:
Although EV manufacturers are bringing out better batteries with longer ranges, and most standard models now aim for a range of 400 – 500km between charges, there is still concern about their suitability for our country driving conditions. Australia isn’t exactly a small place. We have some very long and very remote roads so running out of power in the middle of nowhere hours from a charging station is not a comforting thought.
This raises another justifiable point – the lack of charging stations in remote areas. Whilst the network of charging stations across the country is expanding – most country towns have at least one now – there’s still a way to go before many of us will be comfortable setting off on a long road trip in a dedicated EV.
Portable Charging Stations:
Portable battery operated charging stations for emergency road-side charging are around but a) they’re expensive and b) there don’t seem to be too many of them available in Australia yet. You can however buy mobile recharging gear (also expensive) that plugs into alternative power sources, like a diesel-operated generator. In which case, perhaps a hybrid vehicle is a wiser choice, for the moment at least.
Recharging Time:
Currently you can zip into your local servo with your ICEV, fill up in a couple of minutes, grab a coffee to go, and continue your journey. Recharging lithium batteries is a whole different story. They prefer trickle-charging and will last longer that way. In fact, continually rapid charging your EV battery will considerably shorten its lifespan. Ergo, many EVs are slow to recharge and some older or ‘budget’ models can take hours depending on the type of EV charger being used.
Recharging at home for example using a standard 2.3kW power outlet would take around 15 minutes to put 3kms of charge into the battery. A standard charger (up to 22kW) can supply 30kms worth of charge in 15 minutes, whilst a fast one (up to 50kw) will do 60kms in that same 15 minutes. An ultra-fast charger on the other hand (up to 350kW) will do 400kms in 15 minutes. Even so, that’s still 4 or 5 times slower than filling an ICEV with 400kms worth of fuel. Furthermore, how fast the EV actually charges depends on the make and model.
Temperature Extremes:
Lithium batteries also don’t like extreme temperatures. When it’s icy cold, the battery needs to be heated. When it’s extremely hot, the battery has to be kept cool. This requires power so, unless you have the car hooked up to a power source, it uses the battery to perform these tasks.
Possible scenario… You leave the office on a hot summer afternoon and it’s still 30o+ in the shade at 5pm. You had to stop on the way to work that morning to put enough charge in your EV (because you forgot to recharge it overnight) to get to work and home again. That meant you were running late and your usual shady parking spot was taken. So – you had to park in a shadeless, bituminised open-air spot instead. Now you find the car has been using its own power to keep its battery cool and you don’t have enough charge to get home…
Scare mongering? A bit perhaps but… it does highlight some of the key concerns Australians have about EVs currently. Concerns that will have to be addressed before many of us will be easily persuaded to replace our fossil fuel guzzling ICEVs. Better the devil you know…
Exploring The Ideal Users, And Uses, Of Electric Vehicles
With all these in mind, what types of drivers can stand to benefit from EVs? What types of driving conditions do EVs suit and where do the financial advantages of EVs lie for these drivers? Let’s start with…
City Drivers
Unlike ICEVs that use more fuel, and lose more energy, in city driving, EVs thrive in these conditions. It’s what they’re designed for. That makes them a good option for regular city commuters and city drivers who do a lot of short trips each day (i.e. delivery drivers):
- EVs use an energy regenerative braking system. Where an ICEV loses heat and energy every time you use the brakes, EVs capture and return around a quarter of that braking energy back into the car’s system, helping to recharge the battery (and reducing recharging costs and time). This makes them ideal for stop/start driving conditions in built up areas and peak hour traffic.
- City drivers are also more likely to have regular driving patterns and consistent mileage. They roughly know how many kilometres a day they’re probably going to drive, barring emergencies and can plan their usage and recharging around this schedule.
- The vast majority of EV charging stations are located in and around metropolitan areas. For most city drivers, that means they’re going to be within easy driving distance of one most of the time.
Factor in no tailpipe emissions, less maintenance requirements and lower running costs, and the economics of electric vehicles makes a lot of sense for these drivers.
People Who Don’t Drive Very Much
Retirement often means slowing down and – finally – enjoying a slower pace of life. Without the daily commute to work, we travel less and this drop in daily mileage likewise aligns well with the efficiency, and economics, of electric vehicles.
- Driving less reduces energy consumption and extends the driving range of an EV. As they are more energy efficient than ICEVs overall, driving an EV less will amount to more energy savings than driving an ICEV less.
- The more often an EV battery pack is charged and discharged, the faster it degrades. By driving less, you use the battery less frequently, which extends its life. Just be sure to do your research on how to best maintain the battery when you’re not using it a lot.
- Drivers who don’t drive all that much should find they rarely have to spend much money on services and repairs. Just look after that battery properly…
- EVs don’t produce any tailpipe emissions so, as well as reducing greenhouse gases, they may also in future attract rate and fee reductions. RAC WA for example already offers a 25% discount on comprehensive car insurance for EVs.
Final Thoughts About The Economics Of Electric Vehicles
If you’re going to take up travelling around Australia when you retire, and were planning on doing it in an EV, you might want to consider a hybrid instead. At least for the moment. However, EV technology is advancing at a rapid rate so it’s entirely possible that by the time you’re ready to take off on your driving adventure, EVs will have bigger ranges and there will be more places to recharge them once you leave the city behind.